((O-�'�u��I᎕�g���� x�Q����ͱο@Т�w_ͱ�1�\���f��)�'$�ou�S����!���tSq�G41�:�E"�>M���۹tJ�y���n2�u�=1VX�(�>���qC�볦ͮaA\�-l��F���`���`?� 0�/�pے��i~�a �Z�i�~�U�:qB�Z�V��(�YӖ_:@���qՓ�fWP[kʖ&�"��_\}N�|Zx�w|�jN�`�r$�lƔ�[�i�n9F1FFk����g��O�N�V ���3��z6Q�*+�į)��ǧ��k�L�9��Myg+� �9�׈����:қ���Ǘ���S��?+s t�ށ��ҚJ*,܋:��z�z�B���]�h/"bNdd��O�"t)4>j?SJ��Fz�5-&5��&M���2�|mwcFCR�ε0|-�&2k�������b-y[��q�?J¡2N��! Original (en arabe) du texte integral du Code du statut personnel signé par Habib Bourguiba. 5 Cependant le statut personnel ne fut pas intégré dans le code civil, comme c’est le cas dans le droit français, même s’il en faisait partie. prononcer le divorce (article 31, alinéa 1 du code de statut personnel tunisien). Qui est en ligne ? In the same period Shayk Mohamed Fadhel Ben Achour, who was mufti of Tunisia and rector of the University of Ez-Zitouna, issued a fatwa, result of a personal ijtihad. On September 7, he asked members of the religious courts for their opinions concerning the Code's conformity with religious law. L'article 23 du Code du statut personnel, tel qu'amendé par la loi n° 93-74 du 12 juillet 1993, portant modification de certains articles du Code du statut personnel, prévoit que [...] les deux époux s'entraident Les dispositions du présent chapitre seront applicables, nonobstant les exceptions prévues aux autres chapitres du présent code. 0000006191 00000 n en place par loi n° 03-70 relative au code de la famille promulguée par le Dahir n° 1-04-22 du 3 février 2004. Chapitre III - De la dot. In Tunisia, the pursuit of political feminism is so very necessary as it constitutes a main argument in the country's favourable image in the West. Forums. Les droits réels qui en résultent pour les immeubles immatriculés ne se constituent que par leur inscription sur le livre foncier. At the same time, the text obliged the wife who was in possession of goods to contribute to the family's expenses, so that the husband not have powers of administration over the wife's possessions. Indeed, on this issue he could not refer to the Koran to justify himself, as the text is clear: "To sons, a part equal to that of two daughters." Polygamy, although rather marginal in the period, is likewise forbidden, even if the second union is not "formal:" "Whosoever being engaged in the bonds of matrimony shall contract another before the dissolution of the preceding shall be liable to a year's imprisonment and to a fine." This reasoning was approved on November 5, 1973 by a circular of the minister of justice who to, "stay away from the negative sides of the West," prohibited marriages between Muslims and non Muslims and who judged void marriages in which the non Muslim husband had not converted to Islam and where a certificate of conversion was not provided. Le code du statut personnel (tunisien) a cette double particularité d’être inspiré de la shariaa d’un coté et de s’en écarter de l’autre »4. In November 1940, Muhammad Zarrouk founded the first francophone feminist magazine, Layla, which however ceased publication in July 1941, but whose name was taken up symbolically by Bashir Ben Ahmed who, on May 23, 1955, started a magazine "Layla Speaks to You"—later "Feminine Action"—in the fifth issue of his weekly "Action" (later "Africa Action" and finally "Young Action"). The 1980s are characterized in the same line through an immobility in terms of feminist reforms, with the exception of some advances not negotiable at the beginning of the decade: law no. This series of reforms, although it fell short of the customary norm, which can be illustrated by the introductory adoption in 1958 unknown in Muslim lands and from the full adoption in 1959, never breaks with religion. Concretely, Tunisian women are very involved in society, as they represent 58.1 per cent of students in higher education. Radhia Haddad recognizes Bourguiba's merits in these transformations: "If all countries have finished, one day or the other, in freeing themselves from foreign invaders, none, and surely no Arab Muslim country, has dared a social revolution to such an extent.". We should know that Tunisia celebrates two days dedicated to women: March 8, International Woman's Day and August 13, anniversary of the Code's promulgation which became a holiday, "National Woman's Day." On the occasion of the promulgation of the Code, she wrote, on September 3, 1956 in a special double page of the 56th issue an article titled "Tunisian Women are Adults" with an editorial recalling the collaboration in its production of the two shayks Muhammad Abdu'l Aziz Jait and Muhammad Fadl Ben Achour. L'un des époux ne peut revenir durant l'audience de jugement sur l'accord donné en conciliation qu'avec l'assentiment de l'autre conjoint. In this same case, consent for the marriage of a minor must be given by the closest parent who must fulfil three conditions, namely being of sound mind, adult and masculine.". The Code, nevertheless, has known many difficulties arising from Tunisian society. and while glorifying Tunisia's "Arab-Islamic" identity. Fifteen years later, Abdelaziz Thaalbi, Cesar Ben Attar and Haydi Sabai published "The Koran's Liberal Spirit" which urges the education of girls and the removal of the veil. Although all feminist projects seeking clear recognition of the two sexes were not carried to term, reforms inclined towards a sharing of authority between the two spouses instead of the exclusive authority of the father. 0000329547 00000 n Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Code_of_Personal_Status_in_Tunisia&oldid=964899798, Articles needing additional references from May 2008, All articles needing additional references, Featured articles needing translation from French Wikipedia, Articles needing translation from French Wikipedia, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles with empty sections from June 2010, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Radhia Haddad écrit dans son autobiographie Parole de femme : 0000000016 00000 n These two rights became official on March 14, 1957 and Tunisian women voted for the first time in municipal elections in May 1959 and later in the presidential and legislative elections of November 1959. Collette Juilliard-Beaudan thinks that Tunisian women "cease to choose a democratic form, (they) prefer secularism." 0000330105 00000 n the new First Lady, Leïla Ben Ali, made more and more public appearances, and, as a spokesperson for her husband, gave regular speeches on the role of women in the country. Today, donations from living parents to daughters are considered a way to avoid the legal inequality of daughters to inherit. The Code was promulgated by Decree of 13 August 1956, which was published in the Journal Officiel de la République Tunisienne No. Présentation du Code du Statut Personnel en Tunisie, 60 ans après. It told the story of the evolution of the condition of women in Tunisia through three periods: the period 1930-1938 which ended with the creation of UNFT, the period 1938 to 1952 which induced two struggles for the emancipation of women and for the independence of the country and the period following 1956 with the achievements in that which concerns the Code. Putting this change into practice could equally be illustrated by the creation in 1991 of the Centre for Research, Studies, Documentation and Information on Woman and setting up at the ministerial level a national commission "Women and Development," charged with studying the role of women in development in the context of the preparation for the Eighth Economic Plan (1992–1996). Loi n° 58-70 du 4 juillet 1958 portant modification de l'article 18 du code du statut personnel . The issue of virginity at marriage and the influence of religious preachers castigating on Middle Eastern television networks the Western way of life played an important role in this debate. Aux termes de l'article 31 du Code du Statut Personnel, le divorce peut être prononcé dans trois hypothèses : 1°) en cas de consentement mutuel des époux "Is the Tunisian regime feminist from political necessity and pleaded seemingly hollowly to mask its democratic deficit, or from modernist conviction?". DANS LE NOUVEAU CODE TUNISIEN DU STATUT PERSONNEL (Loi no 59-77 du 19 juin 1959) Le Journal Officiel Tunisien des 23/26 juin 1959, dans sa double edition arabe et frangaise, a publie le texte d'une loi dont l'objet etait d'ajouter un article 143 bis au Livre IX, 0000004644 00000 n Nous déclarons nulle et non avenue toute modification ou remises en question des droits de la femme qui sont figurés dans le Code du Statut Personnel. 0000007001 00000 n Rapport de partage d'une succession selon les dispositions du Code du Statut Personnel tunisien. The reference to Islam, become almost ritual, even if there was also added the memory of the ancient Carthaginian past of the country in insisting on its cultural diversity, becomes more subdued by referring to speeches given between 1987 and 1989. returning to this speech, three major ideas dominate: praise of achieved and irreversible modernity, recognition of known societal advances, such as the passing of the extended family for the nuclear family, and the necessity to put into practice the advances in legal texts. Thus, on May 31, public charitable foundations (waqfs) were suppressed, as private ones would be on July 1, 1957. Vu Notre décret du 12 juillet 1956 (30 doulhidja 1375), fixant le statut personnel des Tunisiens non musulmans et non israélites, Vu Notre décret du 3 août 1956 (25 doulhidja 1375), portant modification de certains articles du Code tunisien de procédure civile, Vu l'avis du conseil des Ministres, Taking the lead in Tunisia's modernization campaign, Habib Bourguiba in each of his speeches found occasion to criticize sexist attitudes, opposing the hijab and appealing to science on the issue of virginity at marriage. En vue de l’instauration de l’égalité entre hommes et femmes, le code du statut personnel (CSP) a été promulgué le 13 août 1956, cinq mois après l’indépendance de la Tunisie, constituant ainsi un acte avant-gardiste et émancipateur des femmes de la république Tunisienne. 0000330935 00000 n Article 204 Note Modifié par la Loi n° 92-48 du 4 mai 1992.. Pour être valable, toute donation doit être passée par acte authentique. It was promulgated by beylical decree on August 13, 1956 and came into effect on January 1, 1957. In 1947, Muhammad Abdu'l Aziz Jait, former justice minister who was later opposed to the Code and author of a majallah codifying personal status and estate law, undertook an initial and timid effort to harmonize the doctrines of the Maliki and the Hanafi, majority in Tunisia, that ultimately had no result. Nevertheless, Islamists continued their project to annul the Code and this so well that its previous acceptance constituted an acceptable condition for the legislation of political parties which had not been in accord with Ennahda. The feminist question is a recurring theme in Tunisia, more than in all the other countries of the Maghrib, and the country is from that point of view "atypical" of the region. The Code also prescribes that: "Each of the two spouses must treat the partner with kindness, live in good rapport and avoid all prejudice," thus abolishing the wife's obligation of obedience to her husband. Soumettre une succession. In August 1994, during a seminar devoted to women and the family, ATFD denounced the ambiguity of power and the use of religion to regulate the condition of women in the country, criticizing chiefly "the patriarchal oppression of women. Nous, Mohamed Lamine Pacha Bey, Possesseur du Royaume de Tunisie; Vu le décret en date du 5 mai 1876 (30 rabia II 1293) sur le fonctionnement du Charaâ de Tunis et des Charaâs et Tribunaux de cadis de l'intérieur, Vu Notre décret du 21 septembre 1955 (30 safar 1375), relatif à Données clés. %PDF-1.6 %���� I respect this religion for which have done everything so that this Islamic country not be in colonial humiliation. Il porte le nom de Magâlla. Reforms were carried out in 1993. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. Loi n° 59-77 du 19 juin 1959. On August 13, 2003, on the occasion of the 47th anniversary of the Code, the Tunisian League for Human Rights connected to the ATFD stated: "We consider that the complete equality of women and men remains a basic right. Our decision in the matter contradicts no religious text and is found to be in agreement with mercy and justice and the equality of the sexes.". In this context, presidential feminism remains ambiguous, as is illustrated by the speech delivered during the UNFT's third congress, held between December 20–29, 1962, in which he declared that he had to protect the family and guarantee to man the faculty of being its head. The hijab, little in use, made its appearance in the 2000s as a return to a mythical Arab Islamic authenticity, the influence of foreign television networks and the context following the attacks on September 11, 2001 could constitute a complementary explanation. Their members were integrated into the body of common law magistrates. authentique laïque, l’État tunisien, de l’indépendance à aujourd’hui, n’a jamais été laïc. In connection with profession, a new article of the labor code, no. CODE DU STATUT PERSONNEL Décret du 13 août 1956, portant promulgation Du Code du Statut Personnel (1) Louanges à Dieu ! In 1959, Safia Farhat and Bouzid co-founded the magazine Faiza, which, although it ceased publication in December 1969, remained famous in the Maghrib and more generally in Africa, as the first Arab-African feminine francophone magazine. Les dispositions du présent chapitre seront applicables, nonobstant les exceptions prévues aux autres chapitres du présent code. 0000335144 00000 n This absence of new reforms can be explained in different ways: the deterioration of the president's health, the delayed reaction of conservatives remaining reserved in the course of preceding decades and the resistance of society shaken to its foundations. L'un des époux ne peut revenir durant l'audience de jugement sur l'accord donné en conciliation qu'avec l'assentiment de l'autre conjoint. Vu Notre décret du 12 juillet 1956 (30 doulhidja 1375), fixant le statut personnel des Tunisiens non musulmans et non israélites, Vu Notre décret du 3 août 1956 (25 doulhidja 1375), portant modification de certains articles du Code tunisien de "We reaffirm here our support for these achievements and our determination to protect them and to enhance them.". 0000324233 00000 n Présentation; Titre: It was not until leaving 1989, once that the connection with Islamists was broken, that a new modernist discourse took its place. He demonstrated there the possibility of compatibility between Islam and modernity. It was promulgated by beylical decree on August 13, 1956 and came into effect on January 1, 1957. This forced the religious authorities likewise to interpret the Koran in a way that accepted the fact that women could receive an education and participate in the social life of the country. trailer Moreover, on November 1, 1983, Bourguiba named two women ministers, Fathia Mzali to the Ministry of the family and of the Advancement of Women and Souad Yaacoubi to Public Health. The Code instituted for the first time in an Arab Muslim country the principle of the consent of the two spouses as a requirement for the validity of all marriages. Chapitre IV - Empêchements au mariage. The arguments he presented there were subsequently adopted by Bourguiba in his speeches. daccess-ods.un.org. CSP – Code du statut personnel tunisien. The Code of Personal Status (CPS) (Arabic: مجلة الأحوال الشخصية‎) is a series of progressive Tunisian laws aiming at the institution of equality between women and men in a number of areas. xref L'adoption du Code du Statut Personnel, le 13 août 1956, quelques mois après l'indépendance, atteste que Habib Bourguiba transgresse. L’union qui n’est pas conclue conformément à l’article 31 ci-dessus est nulle. Transfert vers Statut des femmes en Tunisie. 72 Invités, 0 Membres Statistiques courantes : Total des membres: 4 107 Total des messages: 18 966 Total des sujets: 5 729 Total des catégories: 22 Total des sections: 55 In practise, on September 14, 1965, Tunisia ratified the International Labour Organization's Convention number 111 concerning discrimination in the matter of employment and profession. Code du Statut Personnel - Tunisie. This is explained primarily by the fact that the number of girls per one hundred boys in primary school was 52 in 1965 and 83 in 1989. Moreover, certain mentalities take longer to change. 0000007766 00000 n The Code, to the contrary, instituted a divorce procedure that "could not take place except before a court" which decided "the dissolution of the marriage." Les dispositions du présent chapitre s'appliqueront indifféremment aux interdits qu'ils soient de sexe masculin ou de sexe féminin. It made maternal grandparents equally entitled, eliminating the concept of the patriarchal family. Décret du 13 août 1956, portant promulgation du Code du Statut Personnel. Moreover, if a child did not possess his own goods, the necessary costs of his upbringing were predicated on those of the father. Décret du 13 août 1956 (6 moharem 1376) portant promulgation du Code du Statut Personnel (J.O.T n° 104 du 28 Décembre 1956) Nature texte : Loi de promulgation . Politique, L'égalité successorale soumise au Parlement La première chaîne mondiale d'information pour l'Afrique. 0000007157 00000 n On January 10, 1957, the wearing of the veil at school was forbidden. The suppression of free expression and of political opposition tarnishes the country's reputation abroad. Article 67 alinéas 4 et 5 du Code du statut personnel tunisien : « Au Besides, it is not always easy to apply laws in a rural milieu where girls are still restricted compared to boys. Furthermore, in the absence of the equity law, they represented 14.89 per cent of the members of government, 22.75 per cent (43 of 189) of the deputies of the House elected on October 24, 2004, 27.06 per cent of municipal councillors and 18 per cent of the members of the economic and social council. Qui est en ligne ? July 1, 1965 saw a law allowing abortion as much for social as for therapeutic reasons. At the same time, power desired the destabilization of the Marxist left and encouraged the founding of the Association for the Preservation of the Koran in January 1968 which contributed to the birth of the Islamist party Ennahda. �L�1��]geX4������I��RQ�%��XC��6O���X��nlA�����$���mQ�C��=�H�!y�5��#�3�kڀ���N�� �n'm�zQ赨����M�e=D���9L`���p��&����pbU�H~�0�T�Ӄ6��T]��4)� ��H����cd؀�"D߰\�%N}��q!wojK��˷��g��:f�н�i�e�G�Z����K�t̼�эy}Y�YaQ�z7�I�z?f�RDe��``���7^���-~�ǁ0� yZ9�z7�Y��E�O�h�T�x�=7��Y�M���+�C�C����!�q�r������){��N��ڐ�| Cette matière devint autonome avec la promulgation du code du statut personnel tunisien (CSP) et de la Moudawwana marocaine. On August 20, 1956, this last sent a letter to Ahmed Mestiri, in which he called for revision of certain articles of the Code, of which those related to the prohibition of polygamy and the creation of a procedure for divorce. For Bourguiba, the condition of equality between spouses being impossible to assure, prohibition of polygamy became therefore legitimate. CODE DU STATUT PERSONNEL Décret du 13 août 1956 (6 moharem 1376), portant promulgation du Code du Statut Personnel. Later, in 1968, ratification of the ILO's convention number 100 instituted equality of treatment in employment of men and women for work of equal value. During a speech delivered on December 26, 1962, Bouguiba stated: "Work contributes to the emancipation of women. The failure of Haddad to bring into effect his wishes while alive is registered in Habib Bourguiba's later success: "He (Haddad) occupies an important place in the history of social and political ideas in Tunisia.". 93-66 of July 5, 1993 reaffirmed that: "There can be no discrimination between men and women in the application of the dispositions of the Code. 0000005494 00000 n Par Lilia Labidi. As for the Muslim union and the cells destourian women created in 1951-1952, they did not begin to call for the right to vote and eligibility for office until 1955. Bourguiba later addressed them in a speech: "As you, I am Muslim. Transfert vers Statut des femmes en Tunisie. 1930 to 19341934 to 19391939 to 19451945 to 19491949 to 1956. As for the jurist, Yadh Ben Achour Achour, he explained in "Politics, Religion and Law in the Arab World" (1992) that "The Tunisian woman is still entangled in too many archaisms and suffers too violently the effects of social anomie to be able to benefit fully from Bourguiba's reforms.". In 1976, at the UNFT's sixth congress, he openly declared that: "It is not necessary that woman exercise remunerative activities outside her home. Il est vrai que le Code du statut personnel tunisien a aboli en Tunisie depuis 1956 la polygamie et la répudiation pratiquée jadis sous forme d’un acte rédigé chez le notaire à la demande de l’époux prévoyant de rompre unilatéralement le mariage qui le lie à son épouse. code du travail *. 0000008248 00000 n The policy of Bourguiba lost its vitality in the 1970s. 0000004800 00000 n He seems to renounce one of the principles of his modernization policy. Later, a second series of provisions reinforced the protection of women in regard to men in repressing spousal violence more rigorously and in instituting alimony payments and in enforcing this from divorced husbands seeking to shirk this responsibility. But the right to education remained the only one unanimously sought by feminine organizations. Furthermore, from 1999 to 2004 job creation grew 3.21 per cent for women, with an average of 19,000 created each year. As early as 1868, Hayreddin Pasha wrote "The Surest Way to an Understanding of the State of Nations" in Arabic. Louer Voiture Albufeira, Il N'y A Plus D'après Paroles, Carre De Soie Leonard, Résultats Grand Prix D'allemagne 2020, Arc De Drusus, Origine Des Plats, La Ballade Nord-irlandaise Cornemuse Mp3, Belaïli Pes 2020, Recette Plat Principal, Bruxelles Origine Du Nom, Comparatif Compact Sportive, "/>

code du statut personnel tunisien

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On August 3, secular courts replaced religious courts as the high court for the application of Islamic law, while the law of September 27, 1957 closed the rabbinical court of Tunis. Le Code de statut personnel tunisien a été promulgué par la loi du 13 août 1956. AFRICA24. This is the official consolidation. The feminine condition is an area in which Tunisia under Bourguiba, as under Ben Ali, can claim its distinctiveness. It is necessary to know that Bourguiba always worshipped his mother, who died prematurely, according to the chief of state, in 1913. On August 10, 1956, Prime Minister Bourguiba devoted an entire speech to the Code which was to be promulgated three days later. This page was last edited on 28 June 2020, at 07:27. 0000329924 00000 n The Code formed the theme of an Arabic language documentary "Fatma 75" (1975) by Salma Baccar and produced by the anonymous Tunisian Society for the Production and Distribution of Films. Furthermore, each of the measures taken in drawing up the Code was accompanied by justification provided from a liberal interpretation of Muslim law. 0000327602 00000 n Bourguiba founded the Union of Tunisian Women in 1956 entrusting to it leadership in favourable publicity for his feminist policy. In several of his speeches, memory of her returned and the exhaustion born of the double function of the spouse and the mother contributed to his denunciation of the feminine condition in traditional Tunisian society. Les empêchements permanents sont ceux relatifs à la parenté (de sang, par alliance ou lié à l’allaitement) des futurs époux … ���/vi�x�U�{"nw������^�^0=��:y6�`hl�p��ѕr�0��_2�� �qW�#{�:6�Ҵ�5�W�782����J��^i��P���;�e�vԕ��ԁ t�7��S�Aj �_F�ҨS���g�yl����sx����+_�B�"��SZ�F�ޫ� ɦ[��j3ZU�@V���'O�R�m��Hh��w���3eUы�d�ް.m�'��p5���_����{���. [�ӓ�����Z%���o��6�W�$R3�ݛ>((O-�'�u��I᎕�g���� x�Q����ͱο@Т�w_ͱ�1�\���f��)�'$�ou�S����!���tSq�G41�:�E"�>M���۹tJ�y���n2�u�=1VX�(�>���qC�볦ͮaA\�-l��F���`���`?� 0�/�pے��i~�a �Z�i�~�U�:qB�Z�V��(�YӖ_:@���qՓ�fWP[kʖ&�"��_\}N�|Zx�w|�jN�`�r$�lƔ�[�i�n9F1FFk����g��O�N�V ���3��z6Q�*+�į)��ǧ��k�L�9��Myg+� �9�׈����:қ���Ǘ���S��?+s t�ށ��ҚJ*,܋:��z�z�B���]�h/"bNdd��O�"t)4>j?SJ��Fz�5-&5��&M���2�|mwcFCR�ε0|-�&2k�������b-y[��q�?J¡2N��! Original (en arabe) du texte integral du Code du statut personnel signé par Habib Bourguiba. 5 Cependant le statut personnel ne fut pas intégré dans le code civil, comme c’est le cas dans le droit français, même s’il en faisait partie. prononcer le divorce (article 31, alinéa 1 du code de statut personnel tunisien). Qui est en ligne ? In the same period Shayk Mohamed Fadhel Ben Achour, who was mufti of Tunisia and rector of the University of Ez-Zitouna, issued a fatwa, result of a personal ijtihad. On September 7, he asked members of the religious courts for their opinions concerning the Code's conformity with religious law. L'article 23 du Code du statut personnel, tel qu'amendé par la loi n° 93-74 du 12 juillet 1993, portant modification de certains articles du Code du statut personnel, prévoit que [...] les deux époux s'entraident Les dispositions du présent chapitre seront applicables, nonobstant les exceptions prévues aux autres chapitres du présent code. 0000006191 00000 n en place par loi n° 03-70 relative au code de la famille promulguée par le Dahir n° 1-04-22 du 3 février 2004. Chapitre III - De la dot. In Tunisia, the pursuit of political feminism is so very necessary as it constitutes a main argument in the country's favourable image in the West. Forums. Les droits réels qui en résultent pour les immeubles immatriculés ne se constituent que par leur inscription sur le livre foncier. At the same time, the text obliged the wife who was in possession of goods to contribute to the family's expenses, so that the husband not have powers of administration over the wife's possessions. Indeed, on this issue he could not refer to the Koran to justify himself, as the text is clear: "To sons, a part equal to that of two daughters." Polygamy, although rather marginal in the period, is likewise forbidden, even if the second union is not "formal:" "Whosoever being engaged in the bonds of matrimony shall contract another before the dissolution of the preceding shall be liable to a year's imprisonment and to a fine." This reasoning was approved on November 5, 1973 by a circular of the minister of justice who to, "stay away from the negative sides of the West," prohibited marriages between Muslims and non Muslims and who judged void marriages in which the non Muslim husband had not converted to Islam and where a certificate of conversion was not provided. Le code du statut personnel (tunisien) a cette double particularité d’être inspiré de la shariaa d’un coté et de s’en écarter de l’autre »4. In November 1940, Muhammad Zarrouk founded the first francophone feminist magazine, Layla, which however ceased publication in July 1941, but whose name was taken up symbolically by Bashir Ben Ahmed who, on May 23, 1955, started a magazine "Layla Speaks to You"—later "Feminine Action"—in the fifth issue of his weekly "Action" (later "Africa Action" and finally "Young Action"). The 1980s are characterized in the same line through an immobility in terms of feminist reforms, with the exception of some advances not negotiable at the beginning of the decade: law no. This series of reforms, although it fell short of the customary norm, which can be illustrated by the introductory adoption in 1958 unknown in Muslim lands and from the full adoption in 1959, never breaks with religion. Concretely, Tunisian women are very involved in society, as they represent 58.1 per cent of students in higher education. Radhia Haddad recognizes Bourguiba's merits in these transformations: "If all countries have finished, one day or the other, in freeing themselves from foreign invaders, none, and surely no Arab Muslim country, has dared a social revolution to such an extent.". We should know that Tunisia celebrates two days dedicated to women: March 8, International Woman's Day and August 13, anniversary of the Code's promulgation which became a holiday, "National Woman's Day." On the occasion of the promulgation of the Code, she wrote, on September 3, 1956 in a special double page of the 56th issue an article titled "Tunisian Women are Adults" with an editorial recalling the collaboration in its production of the two shayks Muhammad Abdu'l Aziz Jait and Muhammad Fadl Ben Achour. L'un des époux ne peut revenir durant l'audience de jugement sur l'accord donné en conciliation qu'avec l'assentiment de l'autre conjoint. In this same case, consent for the marriage of a minor must be given by the closest parent who must fulfil three conditions, namely being of sound mind, adult and masculine.". The Code, nevertheless, has known many difficulties arising from Tunisian society. and while glorifying Tunisia's "Arab-Islamic" identity. Fifteen years later, Abdelaziz Thaalbi, Cesar Ben Attar and Haydi Sabai published "The Koran's Liberal Spirit" which urges the education of girls and the removal of the veil. Although all feminist projects seeking clear recognition of the two sexes were not carried to term, reforms inclined towards a sharing of authority between the two spouses instead of the exclusive authority of the father. 0000329547 00000 n Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Code_of_Personal_Status_in_Tunisia&oldid=964899798, Articles needing additional references from May 2008, All articles needing additional references, Featured articles needing translation from French Wikipedia, Articles needing translation from French Wikipedia, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles with empty sections from June 2010, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Radhia Haddad écrit dans son autobiographie Parole de femme : 0000000016 00000 n These two rights became official on March 14, 1957 and Tunisian women voted for the first time in municipal elections in May 1959 and later in the presidential and legislative elections of November 1959. Collette Juilliard-Beaudan thinks that Tunisian women "cease to choose a democratic form, (they) prefer secularism." 0000330105 00000 n the new First Lady, Leïla Ben Ali, made more and more public appearances, and, as a spokesperson for her husband, gave regular speeches on the role of women in the country. Today, donations from living parents to daughters are considered a way to avoid the legal inequality of daughters to inherit. The Code was promulgated by Decree of 13 August 1956, which was published in the Journal Officiel de la République Tunisienne No. Présentation du Code du Statut Personnel en Tunisie, 60 ans après. It told the story of the evolution of the condition of women in Tunisia through three periods: the period 1930-1938 which ended with the creation of UNFT, the period 1938 to 1952 which induced two struggles for the emancipation of women and for the independence of the country and the period following 1956 with the achievements in that which concerns the Code. Putting this change into practice could equally be illustrated by the creation in 1991 of the Centre for Research, Studies, Documentation and Information on Woman and setting up at the ministerial level a national commission "Women and Development," charged with studying the role of women in development in the context of the preparation for the Eighth Economic Plan (1992–1996). Loi n° 58-70 du 4 juillet 1958 portant modification de l'article 18 du code du statut personnel . The issue of virginity at marriage and the influence of religious preachers castigating on Middle Eastern television networks the Western way of life played an important role in this debate. Aux termes de l'article 31 du Code du Statut Personnel, le divorce peut être prononcé dans trois hypothèses : 1°) en cas de consentement mutuel des époux "Is the Tunisian regime feminist from political necessity and pleaded seemingly hollowly to mask its democratic deficit, or from modernist conviction?". DANS LE NOUVEAU CODE TUNISIEN DU STATUT PERSONNEL (Loi no 59-77 du 19 juin 1959) Le Journal Officiel Tunisien des 23/26 juin 1959, dans sa double edition arabe et frangaise, a publie le texte d'une loi dont l'objet etait d'ajouter un article 143 bis au Livre IX, 0000004644 00000 n Nous déclarons nulle et non avenue toute modification ou remises en question des droits de la femme qui sont figurés dans le Code du Statut Personnel. 0000007001 00000 n Rapport de partage d'une succession selon les dispositions du Code du Statut Personnel tunisien. The reference to Islam, become almost ritual, even if there was also added the memory of the ancient Carthaginian past of the country in insisting on its cultural diversity, becomes more subdued by referring to speeches given between 1987 and 1989. returning to this speech, three major ideas dominate: praise of achieved and irreversible modernity, recognition of known societal advances, such as the passing of the extended family for the nuclear family, and the necessity to put into practice the advances in legal texts. Thus, on May 31, public charitable foundations (waqfs) were suppressed, as private ones would be on July 1, 1957. Vu Notre décret du 12 juillet 1956 (30 doulhidja 1375), fixant le statut personnel des Tunisiens non musulmans et non israélites, Vu Notre décret du 3 août 1956 (25 doulhidja 1375), portant modification de certains articles du Code tunisien de procédure civile, Vu l'avis du conseil des Ministres, Taking the lead in Tunisia's modernization campaign, Habib Bourguiba in each of his speeches found occasion to criticize sexist attitudes, opposing the hijab and appealing to science on the issue of virginity at marriage. En vue de l’instauration de l’égalité entre hommes et femmes, le code du statut personnel (CSP) a été promulgué le 13 août 1956, cinq mois après l’indépendance de la Tunisie, constituant ainsi un acte avant-gardiste et émancipateur des femmes de la république Tunisienne. 0000330935 00000 n Article 204 Note Modifié par la Loi n° 92-48 du 4 mai 1992.. Pour être valable, toute donation doit être passée par acte authentique. It was promulgated by beylical decree on August 13, 1956 and came into effect on January 1, 1957. In 1947, Muhammad Abdu'l Aziz Jait, former justice minister who was later opposed to the Code and author of a majallah codifying personal status and estate law, undertook an initial and timid effort to harmonize the doctrines of the Maliki and the Hanafi, majority in Tunisia, that ultimately had no result. Nevertheless, Islamists continued their project to annul the Code and this so well that its previous acceptance constituted an acceptable condition for the legislation of political parties which had not been in accord with Ennahda. The feminist question is a recurring theme in Tunisia, more than in all the other countries of the Maghrib, and the country is from that point of view "atypical" of the region. The Code also prescribes that: "Each of the two spouses must treat the partner with kindness, live in good rapport and avoid all prejudice," thus abolishing the wife's obligation of obedience to her husband. Soumettre une succession. In August 1994, during a seminar devoted to women and the family, ATFD denounced the ambiguity of power and the use of religion to regulate the condition of women in the country, criticizing chiefly "the patriarchal oppression of women. Nous, Mohamed Lamine Pacha Bey, Possesseur du Royaume de Tunisie; Vu le décret en date du 5 mai 1876 (30 rabia II 1293) sur le fonctionnement du Charaâ de Tunis et des Charaâs et Tribunaux de cadis de l'intérieur, Vu Notre décret du 21 septembre 1955 (30 safar 1375), relatif à Données clés. %PDF-1.6 %���� I respect this religion for which have done everything so that this Islamic country not be in colonial humiliation. Il porte le nom de Magâlla. Reforms were carried out in 1993. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. Loi n° 59-77 du 19 juin 1959. On August 13, 2003, on the occasion of the 47th anniversary of the Code, the Tunisian League for Human Rights connected to the ATFD stated: "We consider that the complete equality of women and men remains a basic right. Our decision in the matter contradicts no religious text and is found to be in agreement with mercy and justice and the equality of the sexes.". In this context, presidential feminism remains ambiguous, as is illustrated by the speech delivered during the UNFT's third congress, held between December 20–29, 1962, in which he declared that he had to protect the family and guarantee to man the faculty of being its head. The hijab, little in use, made its appearance in the 2000s as a return to a mythical Arab Islamic authenticity, the influence of foreign television networks and the context following the attacks on September 11, 2001 could constitute a complementary explanation. Their members were integrated into the body of common law magistrates. authentique laïque, l’État tunisien, de l’indépendance à aujourd’hui, n’a jamais été laïc. In connection with profession, a new article of the labor code, no. CODE DU STATUT PERSONNEL Décret du 13 août 1956, portant promulgation Du Code du Statut Personnel (1) Louanges à Dieu ! In 1959, Safia Farhat and Bouzid co-founded the magazine Faiza, which, although it ceased publication in December 1969, remained famous in the Maghrib and more generally in Africa, as the first Arab-African feminine francophone magazine. Les dispositions du présent chapitre seront applicables, nonobstant les exceptions prévues aux autres chapitres du présent code. 0000335144 00000 n This absence of new reforms can be explained in different ways: the deterioration of the president's health, the delayed reaction of conservatives remaining reserved in the course of preceding decades and the resistance of society shaken to its foundations. L'un des époux ne peut revenir durant l'audience de jugement sur l'accord donné en conciliation qu'avec l'assentiment de l'autre conjoint. Vu Notre décret du 12 juillet 1956 (30 doulhidja 1375), fixant le statut personnel des Tunisiens non musulmans et non israélites, Vu Notre décret du 3 août 1956 (25 doulhidja 1375), portant modification de certains articles du Code tunisien de "We reaffirm here our support for these achievements and our determination to protect them and to enhance them.". 0000324233 00000 n Présentation; Titre: It was not until leaving 1989, once that the connection with Islamists was broken, that a new modernist discourse took its place. He demonstrated there the possibility of compatibility between Islam and modernity. It was promulgated by beylical decree on August 13, 1956 and came into effect on January 1, 1957. This forced the religious authorities likewise to interpret the Koran in a way that accepted the fact that women could receive an education and participate in the social life of the country. trailer Moreover, on November 1, 1983, Bourguiba named two women ministers, Fathia Mzali to the Ministry of the family and of the Advancement of Women and Souad Yaacoubi to Public Health. The Code instituted for the first time in an Arab Muslim country the principle of the consent of the two spouses as a requirement for the validity of all marriages. Chapitre IV - Empêchements au mariage. The arguments he presented there were subsequently adopted by Bourguiba in his speeches. daccess-ods.un.org. CSP – Code du statut personnel tunisien. The Code of Personal Status (CPS) (Arabic: مجلة الأحوال الشخصية‎) is a series of progressive Tunisian laws aiming at the institution of equality between women and men in a number of areas. xref L'adoption du Code du Statut Personnel, le 13 août 1956, quelques mois après l'indépendance, atteste que Habib Bourguiba transgresse. L’union qui n’est pas conclue conformément à l’article 31 ci-dessus est nulle. Transfert vers Statut des femmes en Tunisie. 72 Invités, 0 Membres Statistiques courantes : Total des membres: 4 107 Total des messages: 18 966 Total des sujets: 5 729 Total des catégories: 22 Total des sections: 55 In practise, on September 14, 1965, Tunisia ratified the International Labour Organization's Convention number 111 concerning discrimination in the matter of employment and profession. Code du Statut Personnel - Tunisie. This is explained primarily by the fact that the number of girls per one hundred boys in primary school was 52 in 1965 and 83 in 1989. Moreover, certain mentalities take longer to change. 0000007766 00000 n The Code, to the contrary, instituted a divorce procedure that "could not take place except before a court" which decided "the dissolution of the marriage." Les dispositions du présent chapitre s'appliqueront indifféremment aux interdits qu'ils soient de sexe masculin ou de sexe féminin. It made maternal grandparents equally entitled, eliminating the concept of the patriarchal family. Décret du 13 août 1956, portant promulgation du Code du Statut Personnel. Moreover, if a child did not possess his own goods, the necessary costs of his upbringing were predicated on those of the father. Décret du 13 août 1956 (6 moharem 1376) portant promulgation du Code du Statut Personnel (J.O.T n° 104 du 28 Décembre 1956) Nature texte : Loi de promulgation . Politique, L'égalité successorale soumise au Parlement La première chaîne mondiale d'information pour l'Afrique. 0000007157 00000 n On January 10, 1957, the wearing of the veil at school was forbidden. The suppression of free expression and of political opposition tarnishes the country's reputation abroad. Article 67 alinéas 4 et 5 du Code du statut personnel tunisien : « Au Besides, it is not always easy to apply laws in a rural milieu where girls are still restricted compared to boys. Furthermore, in the absence of the equity law, they represented 14.89 per cent of the members of government, 22.75 per cent (43 of 189) of the deputies of the House elected on October 24, 2004, 27.06 per cent of municipal councillors and 18 per cent of the members of the economic and social council. Qui est en ligne ? July 1, 1965 saw a law allowing abortion as much for social as for therapeutic reasons. At the same time, power desired the destabilization of the Marxist left and encouraged the founding of the Association for the Preservation of the Koran in January 1968 which contributed to the birth of the Islamist party Ennahda. �L�1��]geX4������I��RQ�%��XC��6O���X��nlA�����$���mQ�C��=�H�!y�5��#�3�kڀ���N�� �n'm�zQ赨����M�e=D���9L`���p��&����pbU�H~�0�T�Ӄ6��T]��4)� ��H����cd؀�"D߰\�%N}��q!wojK��˷��g��:f�н�i�e�G�Z����K�t̼�эy}Y�YaQ�z7�I�z?f�RDe��``���7^���-~�ǁ0� yZ9�z7�Y��E�O�h�T�x�=7��Y�M���+�C�C����!�q�r������){��N��ڐ�| Cette matière devint autonome avec la promulgation du code du statut personnel tunisien (CSP) et de la Moudawwana marocaine. On August 20, 1956, this last sent a letter to Ahmed Mestiri, in which he called for revision of certain articles of the Code, of which those related to the prohibition of polygamy and the creation of a procedure for divorce. For Bourguiba, the condition of equality between spouses being impossible to assure, prohibition of polygamy became therefore legitimate. CODE DU STATUT PERSONNEL Décret du 13 août 1956 (6 moharem 1376), portant promulgation du Code du Statut Personnel. Later, in 1968, ratification of the ILO's convention number 100 instituted equality of treatment in employment of men and women for work of equal value. During a speech delivered on December 26, 1962, Bouguiba stated: "Work contributes to the emancipation of women. The failure of Haddad to bring into effect his wishes while alive is registered in Habib Bourguiba's later success: "He (Haddad) occupies an important place in the history of social and political ideas in Tunisia.". 93-66 of July 5, 1993 reaffirmed that: "There can be no discrimination between men and women in the application of the dispositions of the Code. 0000005494 00000 n Par Lilia Labidi. As for the Muslim union and the cells destourian women created in 1951-1952, they did not begin to call for the right to vote and eligibility for office until 1955. Bourguiba later addressed them in a speech: "As you, I am Muslim. Transfert vers Statut des femmes en Tunisie. 1930 to 19341934 to 19391939 to 19451945 to 19491949 to 1956. As for the jurist, Yadh Ben Achour Achour, he explained in "Politics, Religion and Law in the Arab World" (1992) that "The Tunisian woman is still entangled in too many archaisms and suffers too violently the effects of social anomie to be able to benefit fully from Bourguiba's reforms.". In 1976, at the UNFT's sixth congress, he openly declared that: "It is not necessary that woman exercise remunerative activities outside her home. Il est vrai que le Code du statut personnel tunisien a aboli en Tunisie depuis 1956 la polygamie et la répudiation pratiquée jadis sous forme d’un acte rédigé chez le notaire à la demande de l’époux prévoyant de rompre unilatéralement le mariage qui le lie à son épouse. code du travail *. 0000008248 00000 n The policy of Bourguiba lost its vitality in the 1970s. 0000004800 00000 n He seems to renounce one of the principles of his modernization policy. Later, a second series of provisions reinforced the protection of women in regard to men in repressing spousal violence more rigorously and in instituting alimony payments and in enforcing this from divorced husbands seeking to shirk this responsibility. But the right to education remained the only one unanimously sought by feminine organizations. Furthermore, from 1999 to 2004 job creation grew 3.21 per cent for women, with an average of 19,000 created each year. As early as 1868, Hayreddin Pasha wrote "The Surest Way to an Understanding of the State of Nations" in Arabic.

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